Text Box: Abstract:   In the olfactory bulb (OB), odorants induce oscillations in the range (20-80 Hz) that play an important role in the processing of sensory information. Synaptic transmission between dendrites is a major contributor to this processing. Glutamate released from mitral cell dendrites excites the dendrites of granule cells, which in turn mediate GABAergic inhibition back onto mitral cells. Although this reciprocal synapse is thought to be a key element supporting oscillatory activity, the mechanisms by which dendrodendritic inhibition induces and maintains oscillations remain unknown. Here, we assessed the role of the dendrodendritic inhibition, using mice lacking the GABAA receptor 1-subunit, which is specifically expressed in mitral cells but not in granule cells. The spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic current frequency in these mutants was low and was consistent with the reduction of GABAA receptor clusters detected by immunohistochemistry. The remaining GABAA receptors in mitral cells contained the 3-subunit and supported slower decaying currents of unchanged amplitude. Overall, inhibitory-mediated interactions between mitral cells were smaller and slower in mutant than in WT mice, although the strength of sensory afferent inputs remained unchanged. Consequently, both experimental and theoretical approaches revealed slower oscillations in the OB network of mutant mice. We conclude, therefore, that fast oscillations in the OB circuit are strongly constrained by the precise location, subunit composition and kinetics of GABAA receptors expressed in mitral cells.    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Text Box: April 10, 2007

Text Box: Otorhinolaryngology News

Text Box:   Inside This Issue · LigOdor Coding & Processing Vs GABA · IMRND for Neck 20 in NPC · TinSynchronous MRND & ChemoRx for N2/3 HNSCC *     Case of the Week

Case Review Clinical Radiograph of The Week
 

A 32-year-old male developed progressive breathlessness and dysphagia following gun shot injury. He also complained of 'spitting of blood'  since sustaining injury.  Entry wound was over right parotid region, and there was no discernible exit wound. C-Spine view revealed multiple pellets and shrapnel in the anterior and posterior soft tissue neck spaces. Clinical examination revealed the feature displayed on this picture.  >>>>

 

 

 

What is best Management Option

 

1.     25th Alexandria Combined ORL Congress, April 18 - 20 2007; Alexandria, Egypt. Deadline for Abstract submission January 15, 2007. Click HERE for Details

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3.      IX éme Congrès Panafricane d'ORL et de Chirugie Cervicofaciaie (PAFOS)  & XXX éme Congrès National Société           Marocaine d'ORL. 2007. April 28 - 31. Abstracts before 15th January, 2007 email benghalem@wanadoopro.ma .         Hotel Booking email fct@menara.ma , Secretariat email bouchra@par3com.com

4.    The 9th International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media on June 3-7, 2007 in St. Pete Beach, Florida. Website address : www.otitis2007.org ;email address for information and questions: otitis2007@hei.org ; Abstract site is open for submission until March 1, 2007. Click HERE to Register, and Click Here To Submit Abstract.

4. Further Conference Announcement? Click Reed our Feed

 

 

Text Box: RND for Neck 20 in NPC...?

This paper from Austria (I. Schwentner et al, Auris Nasus Larynx , Volume 34, Issue 1 , March 2007, Pages 85-89 ) examined the issue of concomitant chemoradiotherapy and modified radical neck dissection in treatment of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and observed that intermittent modified radical neck dissection was highly effective in controlling the neck disease in combination with the split course CRT regimen.
Abstract:
Objective: The effectiveness of modified radical neck dissection with concomitant chemoradiotherapy in patients with N2/3 advanced head and neck cancer was evaluated. Study design and setting: Retrospective study of 35 patients treated at the University Hospital, Medical University, Innsbruck. The treatment consisted of a split course radiation up to 70 Gy with concomitant chemotherapy with Mytomicin C and 5-fluorouracil. Neck dissection and/or tumor resection was performed between the two cycles of radiation and chemotherapy. Results: The 2-year progression-free survival was 64%, locoregional control 92% and overall survival 55. Observed toxicities included mucositis (grade 3, 35%; grade 4, 16%), neutropenia (grade 4, 28%), and thrombocytopenia (grade 4, 26%). No complications related to modified radical neck dissection were observed.
Conclusion: Intermittent neck dissection was highly effective in controlling the neck disease. Mitomycin C-based chemoradiotherapy for treatment of locally advanced cancer seems to be an option to cisplatin-based regimens.
 

     Journal Watch : Emerging Trends in the Performance of Parathyroid Surgery, Terris D.J, et al, 2007
 

 1.   The otolaryngologyinafrica.net resident's page has been re-designed. The current forum page is now separated from the archive page. FEEL FREE  to view the new design and recommend to your residents

 2.  From  http://www.otolaryngologyinafrica.net/grandround/  is a new addition - a recent conference poster presentation. This presentation is available at http://www.otolaryngologyinafrica.net/grandround/archive.htm .

 3.   DODA has been redesigned. Take time to view the new look of this program at the DODA Images Page... You may also request for DODA Video, mobile edition, which can be sent to your cell phone via multimedia messaging (Note:  a multimedia cellphone and GSM provider support is a prerequisite for this).

 4.   otolaryngologyinafrica.net website is being re-organized to enable multi-language access. Take time to review the new HomePage. When Completed, it might be possible to assess the contents of the site in the six major languages widely spoken all over Africa

 5.  Otolaryngologyinafrica.net is experimenting with use of SMS notification of newsletter release. Feel free to air your view on this issue by emailing orl-mailer@otolaryngologyinafrica.net .

 Till Next Week, Welcome to 2007!

 Biodun

 
 

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